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一个项目如何编译多个不同签名、包名、资源等，的apk？

来源：亚搏娱乐中心   发布时间：2019-11-22   点击量：326

简介

如题所示！本篇文章就是为了解决这种问题。方便打包和运行的时候能做到无需手动替换配置，即可打包想要的apk。打包的时候，只需选一下想打哪种配置的apk就OK啦。 (^o^)/~

先来看，有需求如下：

    同一个项目不同的apk图标不同的服务器域名不同的包名不同的名称不同的签名不同的第三方key不同的版本名版本号

解决思路

    当然最直接的方式不过于每次打不同包的时候都去替换对应的配置，这种方式的麻烦之处不言而喻。将所有配置，资源等都配置入项目中，打包的时候，根据选择渠道打包不同配置的apk。（本篇文章就是要讲怎么这么做的）相信还有其他的。。。

相关的几个要点

    首先我们需要知道productFlavors来配置渠道，这里我将渠道用来表示哪种apk，如下我需要配置四种应用:

productFlavors { userquhua {} quhua {} cuntuba {} xemh {}}

    如果我们选择了某一个渠道，那么运行打包的时候会根据渠道名选择资源文件（可结合第6点一起看）签名可在signingConfigs中配置多个（我将所有签名文件放在了项目跟目录的key文件夹中），这样我们就可以通过signingConfigs指定预制好的签名配置。

signingConfigs { userquhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx1.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } quhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx2.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } cuntubaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx3.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } xemhRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx4.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" }}

    可在build.gradle中配置动态配置java代码调用的常量数据（如：通过该方式我们可根据不同渠道动态配置第三方appid，或其他需要根据渠道而改变的数据）
比如：我们在defaultConfig {} 中定义了:

buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", ""http://xx.xxxx.com/""此时，您看一下清单文件中manifest标签里的，package的值，假如是：

com.xxx.xx那么，您就可以在java代码中通过导入文件：

import com.xxx.xx.BuildConfig;然后调用

BuildConfig.SERVER_URL

它的值就是上边配置的字符串：http://xx.xxxx.com/。

您可以进入BuildConfig看一看，里面还包含了一些当前的包名版本号等信息。
    在渠道配置那里可以配置对应的包名版本名签名等等如下所示：

// 省略其他配置...android { // 省略其他配置... productFlavors { userquhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig signingConfigs.userquhuaRelease // 配置签名 String qq_id = ""xxxxxxxxx"" //配置qq appid buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", ""wxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"" // 配置微信appid manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", ] } } buildTypes { release { // 省略其他配置... signingConfig null // 置空 } debug { // 省略其他配置... signingConfig null // 置空 } }}这样，如果我们打包userquhua这个渠道，看第2点中介绍选择userquhuaDebug。然后，最好clean一下项目、然后我们运行项目。该app的包名就是com.xxx.xx，版本号为1，版本名为1.0.0。通过BuildConfig调用QQ_ID静态常量，就是该渠道里配置的值，WX_ID同理。manifestPlaceholders配置也可以这样配置。签名问题经过个人反复尝试（然后半天就过去了￣へ￣），最终签名如上配置。需要注意buildTypes中的签名配置signingConfig如果不设置为null，那么打包的是有还是以内置的签名打包。

    资源文件替换再看到第2点的介绍，我们选择运行渠道后，会默认匹配对应渠道下的资源。下面我将xemh渠道的资源目录全部展开一下。
如上图这样，只需要资源名字和app目录对应的文件名字一样即可替换。strings.xml里的应用名，只需要将对应app_name修改既可替换app下strings的app_name，其他不用替换的不用写就行。
    打正式包的时候选好渠道，就可以打包不同配置的apk，当然您也可以使用命令的方式。

其他配置记录

获取当前时间

static def releaseTime() { return new Date().format("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm", TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"))}

打包的时候，修改文件名，以方便区别渠道和版本打包时间

applicationVariants.all { variant -> variant.outputs.all { outputFileName = "${variant.productFlavors[0].name}-v${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}-${releaseTime()}.apk" }}${variant.productFlavors[0].name}当前渠道名${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}当前版本名${releaseTime()}当前时间

其他需要注意事项

如果您在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml中，有那种以包名开头命名的那种。因为如果包名都改了，有些也需要动态的改变。可以用${applicationId}代替。在打包的时候，会自动替换成当前包名。

比如，类似下配置：

<permission android:name="com.xxx.xx.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE" android:protectionLevel="signature" /><uses-permission android:name="com.xxx.xx.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE" /><receiver android:name=".push.MyJPushMessageReceiver" android:enabled="true" android:exported="false" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.RECEIVE_MESSAGE" /> <category android:name="com.xxx.xx" /> </intent-filter></receiver><provider android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider" android:authorities="com.xxx.xx.provider" android:exported="false" tools:replace="android:authorities" android:grantUriPermissions="true"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS" android:resource="@xml/file_paths" /></provider>

可改为：

<permission android:name="${applicationId}.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE" android:protectionLevel="signature" /><uses-permission android:name="${applicationId}.permission.JPUSH_MESSAGE" /><receiver android:name=".push.MyJPushMessageReceiver" android:enabled="true" android:exported="false" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="cn.jpush.android.intent.RECEIVE_MESSAGE" /> <category android:name="${applicationId}" /> </intent-filter></receiver><provider android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider" android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider" android:exported="false" tools:replace="android:authorities" android:grantUriPermissions="true"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS" android:resource="@xml/file_paths" /></provider>

当然值得注意的是，在代码中我们也不能把包名写死了，可通过BuildConfig得到当前包名

我的完整配置，供参考

有关隐私信息的都用xxx替换了

    项目根目录的build.gradle

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath "com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0" classpath "io.github.prototypez:save-state:0.1.7" // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong // in the individual module build.gradle files }}allprojects { repositories { google() jcenter() maven { url "https://jitpack.io" } maven { url "http://oss.jfrog.org/artifactory/oss-snapshot-local/" } flatDir { dirs "libs" } }}task clean(type: Delete) { delete rootProject.buildDir}ext{ minSdkVersion = 16 targetSdkVersion = 27 compileSdkVersion = 27 buildToolsVersion = "27.1.1" supportLibraryVersion = "27.1.1" xmvpVersion = "1.2.2" retrofit2Version = "2.3.0" okhttp3Version = "3.8.1" butterknifeVersion = "8.6.0" rx2Version = "2.0.2" CircleProgressDialogVersion = "1.0.2" smarttabVersion = "1.6.1@aar" adapterHelperVersion = "2.9.41" glideVersion = "4.7.1" roundedimageviewVersion = "2.3.0" eventbusVersion = "3.0.0" dispatcherVersion = "2.4.0" picture_libraryVersion = "v2.2.3" statusbarutilVersion = "1.5.1" okhttpUtilsVersion = "3.8.0" constraintVersion = "1.1.3" flexboxVersion = "1.0.0"}

    app目录下的build.gradle

apply plugin: "com.android.application"apply plugin: "save.state"static def releaseTime() { return new Date().format("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm", TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"))}android { compileSdkVersion rootProject.compileSdkVersion// buildToolsVersion rootProject.buildToolsVersion defaultConfig { minSdkVersion rootProject.minSdkVersion targetSdkVersion rootProject.targetSdkVersion testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" multiDexEnabled true // config the JSON processing library javaCompileOptions { annotationProcessorOptions { arguments = [ serializer : "gson" ] } } ndk { abiFilters "armeabi-v7a" } renderscriptTargetApi 25 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true } signingConfigs { userquhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } quhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } cuntubaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } xemhRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } } flavorDimensions "default" productFlavors { userquhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 22 versionName "1.7.5" signingConfig = signingConfigs.userquhuaRelease String qq_id = ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id // qq appId buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 新浪appId buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 微信 appId buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 友盟 buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", ""xxxxxx"" // 微信 secret buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", ""http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"" // 新浪 buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", ""http://xxx.xxx.com/"" buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", ""http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"" manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } quhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.quhuaRelease String qq_id = ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", ""http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"" buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", ""http://xx.xxx.com/"" buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", ""http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"" manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } cuntuba { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.cuntubaRelease String qq_id = ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", ""http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"" buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", ""http://xxx.xxxx.com/"" buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", ""http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"" manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } xemh { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.xemhRelease String qq_id = ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", ""xxxxxx"" buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", ""xxxxxx"" // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", ""http://xx.xxx.com/"" buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", ""http://file.xxxxxx.com/img/xxxxxx.png"" manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } } applicationVariants.all { variant -> variant.outputs.all { outputFileName = "${variant.productFlavors[0].name}-v${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}-${releaseTime()}.apk" } } buildTypes { release { // 不显示Log buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "false" signingConfig null minifyEnabled true zipAlignEnabled true // 移除无用的resource文件 shrinkResources true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro" } debug { // 显示Log buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "true" signingConfig null minifyEnabled false zipAlignEnabled false shrinkResources false } } packagingOptions { exclude "META-INF/DEPENDENCIES.txt" exclude "META-INF/NOTICE" exclude "META-INF/NOTICE.txt" exclude "META-INF/LICENSE" exclude "META-INF/LICENSE.txt" } compileOptions { targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 } dexOptions { javaMaxHeapSize "4g" //此处可根据电脑本身配置 数值越大 当然越快 preDexLibraries = false }}repositories { flatDir { dirs "libs", "../adpoymer/libs" }}dependencies { implementation fileTree(include: ["*.jar"], dir: "libs") implementation "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:$supportLibraryVersion" implementation "com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:$supportLibraryVersion" implementation "com.android.support:support-v4:$supportLibraryVersion" implementation "com.android.support:design:$supportLibraryVersion" implementation "com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:$constraintVersion" //添加retrofit2 的依赖 添加这个依赖就默认添加了okhttp依赖 compile "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:$retrofit2Version" compile "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:$retrofit2Version" compile "com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:$retrofit2Version" compile "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:$okhttp3Version" compile "com.jakewharton:butterknife:$butterknifeVersion" annotationProcessor "com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:$butterknifeVersion" compile "io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:$rx2Version" compile "com.github.xujiaji:xmvp:$xmvpVersion" implementation "com.github.autume:CircleProgressDialog:$CircleProgressDialogVersion" compile "com.ogaclejapan.smarttablayout:library:$smarttabVersion" compile "com.github.CymChad:BaseRecyclerViewAdapterHelper:$adapterHelperVersion" compile "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$glideVersion" annotationProcessor "com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:$glideVersion" compile "com.makeramen:roundedimageview:$roundedimageviewVersion" compile "org.greenrobot:eventbus:$eventbusVersion" annotationProcessor "com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher-processor:$dispatcherVersion" compile "com.jaeger.statusbarutil:library:$statusbarutilVersion" compile("com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher:$dispatcherVersion") { exclude module: "support-v13" } implementation "com.github.LuckSiege.PictureSelector:picture_library:$picture_libraryVersion" implementation "me.drakeet.library:crashwoodpecker:2.1.1" implementation "com.github.chenupt.android:springindicator:1.0.2@aar" debugImplementation "com.amitshekhar.android:debug-db:1.0.4" implementation "com.umeng.sdk:common:1.5.3" implementation "com.umeng.sdk:analytics:7.5.3" implementation "com.liulishuo.filedownloader:library:1.7.5" implementation project(":banner") implementation project(":xdialog") implementation project(":shareutil") implementation project(":update") implementation project(":pay")// implementation project(":adhub") implementation project(":imagewatcher") implementation files("libs/lite-orm-1.9.2.jar") implementation "jp.wasabeef:blurry:2.1.1" implementation "com.google.android:flexbox:$flexboxVersion" implementation "cn.jiguang.sdk:jpush:3.1.6" // 此处以JPush 3.1.6 版本为例。 implementation "cn.jiguang.sdk:jcore:1.2.5" // 此处以JCore 1.2.5 版本为例。 compile(name: "sdk-release", ext: "aar") compile(name: "open_ad_sdk", ext: "aar") compile(name: "adpoymer-3.4.35", ext: "aar") implementation "pl.droidsonroids.gif:android-gif-drawable:1.0.+"}

结束

就这样就可以解放大量劳动力啦！每次项目打包各种软件，选一下就ojbk，哈哈哈~如果有些配置在其他渠道没有的，也可通过BuildConfig在java中判断如果是某某渠道那么屏蔽。原文地址：https://blog.xujiaji.com/post/android-project-one-for-moreover

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